KEMRI Journals & Articles: Recent submissions

Now showing items 321-340 of 552

Improvement of Dietary Diversity and Attitude Toward Recommended Feeding through Novel Community Based Nutritional Education Program in Coastal Kenya-An Intervention Study.

Hitachi M, Wanjihia V, Nyandieka L, Francesca C, Wekesa N, Changoma J, Muniu E, Ndemwa P, Honda S, Hirayama K, Karama M, Kaneko S. (International journal of environmental research and public health., 2020-10)

Community-based nutritional intervention to improve the practice of dietary diversity and child nutrition by community health workers (CHWs) involving Nyumba Kumi as small neighborhood units (SNUs) in communities has not ...
Implications of gestational age at antenatal care attendance on the successful implementation of a maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine program in coastal Kenya.

Nyiro JU, Bukusi E, Mwaengo D, Walumbe D, Nyaguara A, Nyawanda B, Otieno N, Berkley JA, Munywoki P, Nokes DJ. (BMC Public Health, 2020-11)

Background: Maternal immunisation to boost respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) specific antibodies in pregnant women is a strategy to enhance infant protection. The timing of maternal vaccination during pregnancy may be ...
Tracking health sector priority setting processes and outcomes for human resources for health, five-years after political devolution: a county-level case study in Kenya.

Munywoki J, Kagwanja N, Chuma J, Nzinga J, Barasa E, Tsofa B. (International journal of Equity Health, 2020-09)

Background: Health sector priority setting in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) entails balancing between a high demand and low supply of scarce resources. Human Resources for Health (HRH) consume the largest allocation ...
Evaluation of Adaptive Feedback in a Smartphone-Based Game on Health Care Providers' Learning Gain: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Tuti T, Winters N, Edgcombe H, Muinga N, Wanyama C, English M, Paton C. (Journal of medical Internet research., 2020-07)

Background: Although smartphone-based emergency care training is more affordable than traditional avenues of training, it is still in its infancy, remains poorly implemented, and its current implementation modes tend to ...
Prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infection among children under two years of age in Mbita, Western Kenya.

Sassa M, Chadeka EA, Cheruiyot NB, Tanaka M, Moriyasu T, Kaneko S, Njenga SM, Cox SE, Hamano S. (PLoS neglected tropical diseases., 2020-08)

Despite growing evidence that infants and very young children can be infected with schistosomes, the epidemiological features and risk factors are not well described in this age group. We aimed to assess the prevalence of ...
Effectiveness of Rotarix <sup>®</sup> vaccine in Africa in the first decade of progressive introduction, 2009-2019: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Murunga N, P Otieno G, Maia M, N Agoti C. (Wellcome Open Research, 2020-09)

Background: Randomized controlled trials of licensed oral rotavirus group A (RVA) vaccines, indicated lower efficacy in developing countries compared to developed countries. We investigated the pooled effectiveness of ...
Predictors of health workers' knowledge about artesunate-based severe malaria treatment recommendations in government and faith-based hospitals in Kenya.

Machini, B; Zurovac, D; Amboko, B; Malla, L; Snow, RW; Kipruto, H; Achia, TNO (Malaria Journal, 2020-07)

Background: Health workers' knowledge deficiencies about artesunate-based severe malaria treatment recommendations have been reported. However, predictors of the treatment knowledge have not been examined. In this paper, ...
Trends in health workers' compliance with outpatient malaria case-management guidelines across malaria epidemiological zones in Kenya, 2010-2016.

Amboko B, Stepniewska K, Macharia PM, Machini B, Bejon P, Snow RW, Zurovac D. (Malaria Journal, 2020-11)

Background: Health workers' compliance with outpatient malaria case-management guidelines has been improving, specifically regarding the universal testing of suspected cases and the use of artemisinin-based combination ...
Beyond Their HIV Status: The Occurrence of Multiple Health Risk Behavior Among Adolescents from a Rural Setting of Sub- Saharan Africa.

Ssewanyana D, Newton CR, van Baar A, Hassan AS, Stein A, Taylor HG, Van De Vijver F, Scerif G, Abubakar A. (International journal of behavioral medicine, 2020-08)

Background: Health risk behaviors during adolescence may cluster into patterns that might be predicted by specific factors, among which HIV may have an important role. Method: In a cross-sectional study conducted between ...
Health providers´ knowledge on maternal and newborn care: implications on health systems strengthening in Vihiga County, Kenya.

Namayi I, Makokha A, Echoka E (The Pan African medical journal., 2020-09)

Introduction: pregnant women need access to skilled attendance at birth and emergency obstetric care (EmOC) to avert maternal deaths. While poor EmOC services may explain the high maternal mortality, inadequate knowledge ...
Epidemiological Trends of Five Common Diarrhea-Associated Enteric Viruses Pre-and Post-Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in Coastal Kenya.

Lambisia AW, Onchaga S, Murunga N, Lewa CS, Nyanjom SG, Agoti CN. (Pathogens, 2020-08)

Using real-time RT-PCR, we screened stool samples from children aged <5 years presenting with diarrhea and admitted to Kilifi County Hospital, coastal Kenya, pre- (2003 and 2013) and post-rotavirus vaccine introduction ...
Factors influencing the implementation of cardiovascular risk scoring in primary care: a mixed-method systematic review.

Muthee TB, Kimathi D, Richards GC, Etyang A, Nunan D, Williams V, Heneghan C. (Implementation science, 2020-07)

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as ischemic heart disease and stroke is the leading causes of death and disability globally with a growing burden in low and middle-income countries. A credible way of managing ...
Evaluation of Sociodemographic Factors among Diabetic Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Kisii Referral Hospital, Kenya.

Mageto VM, Mbuthia OW, Ngetsa CJ, Moraa DO, Okoyo EO, Mathenge SG, Njoroge WG. (International journal of microbiology., 2020-07)

People with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are prone to urinary tract infections. There is a wide gap of information in developing countries regarding the sociodemographic factors linked to UTI among diabetics and ...
Genetic structure of the mosquito Aedes aegypti in local forest and domestic habitats in Gabon and Kenya.

Xia S, Cosme LV, Lutomiah J, Sang R, Ngangue MF, Rahola N, Ayala D, Powell JR. (Parasites & Vectors, 2020-08)

Background: The mosquito Aedes aegypti is a devastating disease vector transmitting several important human arboviral diseases. In its native range in Africa, the mosquito can be found in both the ancestral forest habitat ...
Cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment for child undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.

Njuguna RG, Berkley JA, Jemutai J (Wellcome Open Research, 2020-10)

Background: Undernutrition remains highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, with sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia accounting for majority of the cases. Apart from the health and human capacity impacts on ...
Multiple Introductions and Predominance of Rotavirus Group A Genotype G3P[8] in Kilifi, Coastal Kenya, 4 Years after Nationwide Vaccine Introduction.

Mwanga, MJ; Verani, JR; Omore, R; Tate, JE; Parashar, UD; Murunga, N; Gicheru, E; Breiman, RF; Nokes, DJ; Agoti, CN (Pathogens, 2020-11)

Globally, rotavirus group A (RVA) remains a major cause of severe childhood diarrhea, despite the use of vaccines in more than 100 countries. RVA sequencing for local outbreaks facilitates investigation into strain ...
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Rhinovirus From 1- Year Surveillance Within a School Setting in Rural Coastal Kenya.

Luka, MM; Kamau, E; Adema, I; Munywoki, PK; Otieno, GP; Gicheru, E; Gichuki, A; Kibinge, N; Agoti, CN; Nokes DJ. (Open forum infectious diseases., 2020-08)

Background: Human rhinovirus (HRV) is the most common cause of the common cold but may also lead to more severe respiratory illness in vulnerable populations. The epidemiology and genetic diversity of HRV within a school ...
Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study and the Partners PrEP Study. Brief Report: Bacterial Vaginosis and Risk of HIV Infection in the Context of CD101 Gene Variation.

Wanga, V; Mackelprang, RD; Thomas, KK; Donnell, D; Cohen, CR; Mugo, NR; Bukusi, EA; de Bruyn, G; Irungu, E; Celum, C; Baeten, JM; Lingappa, JR (Immune Defic Syndr,, 2020-12)

Background: Whether bacterial vaginosis (BV) and CD101 immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) variants independently increase HIV risk through mucosal inflammation is not well understood. We evaluated whether the impact of BV on ...
Surveillance of Culicine Mosquitoes in Six Villages of Taita-Taveta County, Kenya, With Host Determinations from Blood-Fed Females.

Karisa, J; Munyao, V; Munyao, CM; Ngari, M; Menza, N; Peshu, N; Rono, M; Mbogo, C; Mwangangi, J (Journal of medical entomology, 2020-11)

Culicine mosquitoes are vectors of human disease-causing pathogens like filarial worms and several arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Currently, there has been an increase in emerging and re-emerging vector-borne ...
Rotavirus group A genotype circulation patterns across Kenya before and after nationwide vaccine introduction, 2010-2018.

Mwanga, MJ; Owor, BE; Ochieng, JB; Ngama, MH; Ogwel, B; Onyango, C; Juma, J; Njeru, R; Gicheru, E; Otieno, GP; Khagayi, S; Agoti, CN; Bigogo, GM; Omore, R; Addo, OY; Mapaseka, S; Tate, JE; Parashar, UD; Hunsperger, E; Verani, JR; Breiman, RF; Nokes, DJ (BMC Infectious Diseases, 2020-07)

Background: Kenya introduced the monovalent G1P [8] Rotarix® vaccine into the infant immunization schedule in July 2014. We examined trends in rotavirus group A (RVA) genotype distribution pre- (January 2010-June 2014) and ...

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