Recently added

KEMRI Institutional Repository: Recent submissions

  • Sensorineural Hearing Loss among Hypertensive Patients Attending Cardiac Institute in Tanzania: A cross-sectional study 
    Enica Richard Massawe, Benjamin Mongi, Perfect Kishevo, Pedro Pallangyo (2023)
    INTRODUCTION Hypertension is among non-communicable diseases worldwide and it has been associated with sensorineural hearing loss. Almost 1.39 billion people (1 out of 4 adults) have hypertension and this figure is expected ...
  • Virulence and Resistance Genes in Campylobacter Spp Isolated from Asymptomatic Children at Kibera Slum in Nairobi, Kenya 
    Gachau Mureithi, Dr. Celestine Makobe , Dr. Nduhiu Gitahi, Beatrice Wandia, Ben Brian, Dr. Eric Lelo (2023)
    BACKGROUND Campylobacter spp. are among the global causes of food poisoning and harbour virulence and resistance genes which play a role in invasion and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to detect selected resistance ...
  • Prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti and Plasmodium spp. Infection in Anopheles Mosquitoes and Human Blood Sampled from Selected Regions in Busia County, Western Kenya 
    Caroline Maina, Dr. Joe Bargul, Dr. Nancy Kenyatta, Dennis Getange, Dr. Luna Kamau (2023)
    INTRODUCTION Lymphatic filariasis and malaria are mosquito-borne diseases and are co-endemic in coastal Kenya. We evaluated the occurrence of co-infections with Wuchereria bancrofti and Plasmodium falciparum, the causative ...
  • Keeping people with epilepsy safe during the COVID-19 pandemic 
    French JA, Brodie MJ, Caraballo R, Devinsky O, Ding D, Jehi L, Jette N, Kanner A, Modi AC, Newton CR, Patel AA, Pennell PB, Perucca E, Sander JW, Scheffer IE, Singh G, Williams E, Wilmshurst J, Cross JH (Neurology Journals, 2020-06)
    Objectives To provide information on the effect of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people with epilepsy and provide consensus recommendations on how to provide the best possible care for people with ...
  • Disrupting gender norms in health systems: making the case for change 
    Hay K, McDougal L, Percival V, Henry S, Klugman J, Wurie H, Raven J, Shabalala F, Fielding-Miller R, Dey A, Dehingia N, Morgan R, Atmavilas Y, Saggurti N, Yore J, Blokhina E, Huque R, Barasa E, Bhan N, Kharel C, Silverman JG, Raj A; Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee (The Lancet, 2019-06)
    Restrictive gender norms and gender inequalities are replicated and reinforced in health systems, contributing to gender inequalities in health. In this Series paper, we explore how to address all three through recognition ...
  • Rift Valley fever: biology and epidemiology 
    Wright D, Kortekaas J, Bowden TA, Warimwe GM (Journal of General Virology, 2019-08)
    Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that was first discovered in Kenya in 1930 and is now endemic throughout multiple African countries and the Arabian Peninsula. RVF virus primarily infects domestic ...
  • Oral versus Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection 
    Li HK, Rombach I, Zambellas R, Walker AS, McNally MA, Atkins BL, Lipsky BA, Hughes HC, Bose D, Kümin M, Scarborough C, Matthews PC, Brent AJ, Lomas J, Gundle R, Rogers M, Taylor A, Angus B, Byren I, Berendt AR, Warren S, Fitzgerald FE, Mack DJF, Hopkins S, Folb J, Reynolds HE, Moore E, Marshall J, Jenkins N,Moran CE, Woodhouse AF, Stafford S, Seaton RA, Vallance C, Hemsley CJ, Bisnauthsing K, Sandoe JAT, Aggarwal I, Ellis SC, Bunn DJ, Sutherland RK, Barlow G, Cooper C, Geue C, McMeekin N, Briggs AH, Sendi P, Khatamzas E,Wangrangsimakul T, Wong T HN, Barrett LK, Alvand A, Old CF, Bostock J, Paul J, Cooke G, Thwaites GE, Bejon P, Scarborough M; OVIVA Trial Collaborators (The New England Journal of Medicine, 2019-01)
    Background The management of complex orthopedic infections usually includes a prolonged course of intravenous antibiotic agents. We investigated whether oral antibiotic therapy is noninferior to intravenous antibiotic ...
  • Antiplasmodial prenylated flavanonols from Tephrosia subtriflora. 
    Muiva-Mutisya LM, Atilaw Y, Heydenreich M, Koch A, Akala HM, Cheruiyot AC, Brown ML, Irungu B, Okalebo FA, Derese S, Mutai C, Yenesew A. (Natural Product Research, 2018-06)
    The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the aerial parts of Tephrosia subtriflora afforded a new flavanonol, named subtriflavanonol (1), along with the known flavanone spinoflavanone B, and the known flavanonols MS-II (2) and ...
  • Infant and child mortality in relation to malaria transmission in KEMRI/CDC HDSS, Western Kenya: validation of verbal autopsy. 
    Amek NO, Van Eijk A, Lindblade KA, Hamel M, Bayoh N, Gimnig J, Laserson KF, Slutsker L, Smith T, Vounatsou P. (Malaria Journal, 2018-01)
    Background: Malaria transmission reduction is a goal of many malaria control programmes. Little is known of how much mortality can be reduced by specific reductions in transmission. Verbal autopsy (VA) is widely used for ...
  • How Eliminating Malaria May Also Prevent Iron Deficiency in African Children. 
    Muriuki JM, Atkinson SH. (Pharmaceuticals (Basel)., 2018-10)
    Malaria and iron deficiency are common among children living in sub-Saharan Africa. Several studies have linked a child's iron status to their future risk of malaria infection; however, few have examined whether malaria ...
  • The impact of malnutrition on childhood infections. 
    Walson JL, Berkley JA. (Current opinion in infectious diseases., 2018-06)
    Purpose of review: Almost half of all childhood deaths worldwide occur in children with malnutrition, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which malnutrition and ...
  • Biosafety and biosecurity capacity building: insights from implementation of the NUITM-KEMRI biosafety training model. 
    Muriithi B, Bundi M, Galata A, Miringu G, Wandera E, Kathiiko C, Odoyo E, Kamemba M, Amukoye E, Huqa S, Shah M, Inoue S, Ichinose Y. (Tropical Med Health, 2018-08)
    The NUITM-KEMRI biosafety training program was developed for capacity building of new biosafety level three (BSL-3) laboratory users. The training program comprehensively covers biosafety and biosecurity theory and practice. ...
  • Gendered health systems: evidence from low- and middle-income countries. 
    Morgan R, Ayiasi RM, Barman D, Buzuzi S, Ssemugabo C, Ezumah N, George AS, Hawkins K, Hao X, King R, Liu T, Molyneux S, Muraya KW, Musoke D, Nyamhanga T, Ros B, Tani K, Theobald S, Vong S, Waldman L. (Health Res Policy Syst., 2018-07)
    Background: Gender is often neglected in health systems, yet health systems are not gender neutral. Within health systems research, gender analysis seeks to understand how gender power relations create inequities in access ...
  • Universal Recommendations for the Management of Acute Diarrhea in Nonmalnourished Children. 
    Guarino A, Lo Vecchio A, Dias JA, Berkley JA, Boey C, Bruzzese D, Cohen MB, Cruchet S, Liguoro I, Salazar-Lindo E, Sandhu B, Sherman PM, Shimizu T. (Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition., 2018-11)
    Objective: Despite a substantial consistency in recommendations for the management of children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), a high variability in clinical practice and a high rate of inappropriate medical interventions ...
  • Guidelines for the treatment of dysentery (shigellosis): a systematic review of the evidence. 
    Williams PCM, Berkley JA. (Paediatrics and international child health., 2018-11)
    Background: Shigella remains the primary cause of diarrhoea in paediatric patients worldwide and accounts for up to 40,000 deaths per year. Current guidelines for the treatment of shigellosis are based on data which are ...
  • Rapid intravenous rehydration of children with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
    Iro MA, Sell T, Brown N, Maitland K. (BMC pediatrics., 2018-02)
    Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rapid intravenous rehydration, using fluid volumes of 70-100mls/kg over 3-6 h, with some of the initial volume given rapidly as initial fluid boluses to treat ...
  • Sickle Cell Anemia and Its Phenotypes. 
    Williams, TN; Thein, SL (Annual review of genomics and human genetics., 2018-08)
    In the 100 years since sickle cell anemia (SCA) was first described in the medical literature, studies of its molecular and pathophysiological basis have been at the vanguard of scientific discovery. By contrast, the ...
  • Evaluation of Psychometric Properties and Factorial Structure of ADHD Module of K-SADS-PL in Children from Rural Kenya. 
    Kariuki SM, Newton CRJC, Abubakar A, Bitta MA, Odhiambo R, Phillips Owen J. (Journal of attention disorders., 2020-12)
    Objective: We determined the reliability of The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL) for screening and diagnosing ADHD in children. Method: ...
  • Prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth and schistosome infections in Kenya: Impact assessment after five rounds of mass drug administration in Kenya. 
    Okoyo C, Campbell SJ, Williams K, Simiyu E, Owaga C, Mwandawiro C. (PLoS neglected tropical diseases., 2020-10)
    Background: In Kenya, over five million school age children (SAC) are estimated to be at risk of parasitic worms causing soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis. As such, the Government of Kenya launched ...
  • Community interventions in Low-And Middle-Income Countries to inform COVID-19 control implementation decisions in Kenya: A rapid systematic review. 
    Abdullahi L, Onyango JJ, Mukiira C, Wamicwe J, Githiomi R, Kariuki D, Mugambi C, Wanjohi P, Githuka G, Nzioka C, Orwa J, Oronje R, Kariuki J, Mayieka L. (PLOS One, 2020-12)
    Globally, public health measures like face masks, hand hygiene and maintaining social distancing have been implemented to delay and reduce local transmission of COVID-19. To date there is emerging evidence to provide ...