KEMRI Institutional Repository: Recent submissions

Now showing items 81-100 of 1809

Assessing the impact of tungiasis on children's quality of life in Kenya

Elson, L., Otieno, B., Matharu, A. K., Riithi, N., Chongwo, E. J., Mutebi, F., Feldmeier, H., Kr√É¬ºcken, J., Fillinger, U., Abubakar, A. (PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2025-09)

Tungiasis is a neglected tropical skin disease caused by the sand flea, Tunga penetrans which penetrates the skin causing considerable pain and itching. In this cross-sectional study we aimed to assess its impact on the ...
Assessing the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutations on Antibody Binding: A Comparative Assessment of the Wuhan and JN.1 Variants' Full-Length Spikes in a Multiplex Luminex Assay

Waweru, G., Nyakundi, R., Kutima, B., Owuor, S., Konyino, G., Gitonga, J., Lugano, D., Maina, A., Musyoki, J., Ochola, L., Omondi, M., Kariuki, C. K., Ogongo, P., Mwachari, C., Shee, F., Agoti, C., Sande, C., Uyoga, S., Kagucia, E., Agweyu, A., Bejon, P., Scott, J. A. G., Warimwe, G. M., Ochola Oyier, L. I., Nyagwange, J. (Viruses, 2025-09)

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve, with mutations leading to the emergence of new variants. JN.1, a subvariant of omicron BA.2.86, has demonstrated marked immune escape and ...
Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven rapid diagnostic test interpretation in a Connected Diagnostics (ConnDx) system for dynamic malaria surveillance.

Bahati, F., Owuor, K. O., Milimo, E., Onyuka, N., K’Oloo, A., Koyuncu, C., ... & de Wit, T. F. R. (2025). (BMC Digital Health,, 2025-09)

Background Despite progress made towards malaria control in endemic countries, key indicators have stalled since 2015. Achieving the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016–2030 ...
Applying a multi-layered, mixed methods approach to evaluate technology and workforce interventions in Kenyan neonatal units

Maina, M., Molyneux, S., Were, F., Oluoch, D., Mutua, E., Gathara, D., English, M., Imam, A., Ngaiza, G., Rababeh, A., Grewal, G., Nasir, N., Waithira, C., Odinga, N., Kagonya, V., Onyango, O., Karumba, K., Jones, C., Mwangi, P., Kinyua, L., Thuranira, L., Njoroge, V., Mwangi, N., Mwangi, L., Musyoka, P., Kioni, Z., Fuller, S. S. (Glob Health Action, 2025-08)

Implementing healthcare innovations in resource-poor settings requires complex interventions and evaluations, often straining existing healthcare systems. This project aimed to address this challenge in Kenyan neonatal ...
Application of machine learning in early childhood development research: a scoping review

Benson, F. N., Chelangat, D., Brink, W., Mwangala, P. N., Waljee, A. K., Moyer, C. A., Abubakar, A. (BMJ Open, 2025-08)

Background: Early childhood development (ECD) lays the foundation for lifelong health, academic success and social well-being, yet over 250 million children in low- and middle-income countries are at risk of not reaching ...
Accounting for clustering for self-reported outcomes in the design and analysis of population-based surveys: A case study of estimation of prevalence of epilepsy in Nairobi, Kenya.

Mwanga, D. M., Kipchirchir, I. C., Muhua, G. O., Newton, C. R., Kadengye, D. T. (Front Res Metr Anal, 2025-09)

Population-based surveys are common for estimation of important public health metrics such as prevalence. Often, survey data tend to have a hierarchical structure where households are clustered within villages or sites and ...
Anti-proliferative activity of Grewia villosa ethyl acetate extract on cervical cancer HeLa cell line: Mechanistic insights through network Pharmacology and functional assays approach.

Sally Wambui Kamau, Mercy Jepkorir , Gilbert Kipkoech , Inyani John Lino Lagu , Wesley Kanda , Susan Kibunja , Rakita Letoluo , Shadrack Barmasai , Alice Wanyoko , Vincent Ruttoh , James Kuria , Peter Githaiga Mwitari , Mathew Piero Ngugi , Sospeter Ngoci Njeru (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025-09)

Grewia villosa is a plant native to Kenya, with a traditional history among Ambeere people for treating and managing prostate and breast cancers. Previous scientific studies have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory and ...
Antimicrobial Usage Among Acutely Ill Hospitalized Children Aged 2√¢‚Ç¨‚Äô23 Months in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Tigoi, C., Bourdon, C., Ngari, M., Musyimi, R., Timbwa, M., Mwaringa, S., Ngao, N., Maronga, C., Mburu, M., Ndirangu, A., Arif, F., Kazi, Z., Ejaz, M. S., Saleem, A. F., Singa, B. O., Mupere, E., Shahid, Asmsb, Khan, A. F., Chisti, M. J., Ahmed, T., Lancioni, C., Diallo, A., Voskuijl, W., Bandsma, R. H., Tickell, K. D., Sukhtanar, P., Walson, J. L., Stoesser, N., Berkley, J. A (2025-08)

Background: Understanding patterns of antimicrobial use is critical to supporting antibiotic stewardship and limiting antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We aimed to describe antimicrobial prescribing in acutely ill hospitalized ...
Air pollution and health in Rwandan and Kenyan schools cooking with polluting fuels: a cross sectional impact study

Willah Nabukwangwa, R ́ev ́erien Rutayisire, Esther A. Kalkman-Boudewijns, Federico Lorenzetti, Emily Nix, Bernard Mutariyani, Gohole Arthur-Akaranga, Betty Koech, Joan Kinya, Matthew Shupler, Ghislaine Rosa, Elisa Puzzolo, Claude Mambo Muvunyi, Theoneste Ntakirutimana, Daniel Pope, Clarisse Musanabaganwa, James Mwitari, Vasileios N. Matthaios (ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2025-08)

School meals across Sub-Saharan Africa are typically prepared using biomass on inefficient stoves, resulting in high air pollution levels that might affect learners and staff. However, there is a paucity of air pollution ...
Age differences in immunity to human seasonal coronaviruses and the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222)

Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer , Emma Sheehan , Grace Li , Sagida Bibi , Daniel Wright, Merryn Voysey , Cameron Bissett , Ninisha Barman , Susana Camara , Audrey Au Yong , Sue Ann Costa Clemens , Mae Harris , Amy Flaxman , Jordan Barrett , Khiyam Hussain , Gareth Lipunga , Robert H Shaw , Holly Smith , Stanley Cheruiyot , John N Gitonga , Daisy Mugo , Henry K Karanja , George M Warimwe , Mainga M Hamaluba , Lily Y Weckx , Andrew J Pollard , Teresa Lambe (PUblmed, 2025-08)

Background: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine was widely deployed to protect against severe COVID-19 in adults, but the relationship between pre-existing immunity to human seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) and vaccine-induced ...
Aflatoxin exposure and mortality in acutely ill children: results from the CHAIN network cohort

Xia, L., Wu, H., Saleem, A. F., Mupere, E., Lancioni, C., Diallo, H., Potani, I., Ali, S. A., Voskuijl, W., Chisti, M. J., Shahid, A. S. M. S. B., Timbwa, M., Mwaringa, S., Tigoi, C., Ngari, M., Singa, B., Tickell, K. D., Njunge, J., Bandsma, R., Ahmed, T., Berkley, J., Walson, J. L., Gong, Y., Routledge, M. N. (BMJ Glob Health, 2025-07)

Background Chronic exposure to aflatoxins is associated with liver cancer, impaired child growth, and compromised immune function. The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network cohort was established to identify ...
Addressing the challenges of estimating the target population in calculation of routine infant immunization coverage in Kenya

Christine Karanja-Chege, Ambrose Agweyu , Fred Were , Michael Boele van Hensbroek , William Ogallo (PLOS GLOB PUBLIC HEALTH, 2025-07)

Target population estimation for immunization coverage calculations from census data is often inaccurate. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the traditional census extrapolation method in comparison with three ...
Adaptations to water stress and pastoralism in the Turkana of northwest Kenya

AJ Lea, IV Caldas, KM Garske, ER Gerlinger, JP Arroyo, J Echwa, M Gurven, C Handley, JC Kahumbu, J Kamau, P Kinyua, F Lotukoi, A Lopurudoi, S Lowasa, SN Njeru, R Mallarino, DJ Martins, PW Messer, C Miano, B Muhoya, J Peng, T Phung, JD Rabinowitz, A Roichman, R Siford, AC Stone, AM Taravella Oill, S Mathew, MA Wilson, JF Ayroles (2025-09)

The Turkana pastoralists of Kenya inhabit arid, water-limited environments and rely largely on livestock for subsistence. Working with Turkana communities, we sequenced 367 whole genomes and identified eight regions with ...
A Delphi process to build consensus on revised Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (EmONC) signal functions and levels of care

Mwanga, D. M., Kipchirchir, I. C., Muhua, G. O., Newton, C. R., Kadengye, D. T (Front Res Metr Anal, 2025-09)

Population-based surveys are common for estimation of important public health metrics such as prevalence. Often, survey data tend to have a hierarchical structure where households are clustered within villages or sites and ...
A Delphi process to build consensus on revised Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (EmONC) signal functions and levels of care

Sarah G Moxon 1, Alexandra Wharton-Smith 2, Sudha Sharma 3, Jalemba Aluvaala 4, Oona M R Campbell 1, Gagan Gupta 5, Samantha Lobis 6, Caitlin Warthin 6, Loveday Penn-Kekana 1, Lynn P Freedman 6; (PLoS One, 2025-09)

The emergency obstetric care (EmOC) monitoring framework has been used for decades to monitor the availability and use of EmOC services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). EmOC monitoring is based around eight ...
A cross-sectional study evaluating the frequency of HIV drug resistance mutations among individuals diagnosed with HIV-1 in tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based preexposure prophylaxis rollout programmes in Kenya, Zimbabwe, Eswatini and South Africa

Urvi M Parikh, Lauren D Kudrick , Everline Bosek , Bhavna H Chohan , Irene Mukui , Sarah Masyuko , Nonhlanhla Ndlovu , Imelda Mahaka , Owen Mugurungi , Gertrude Ncube , Anita Hettema , Sindy N Matse , Saiqa Mullick , Carole L Wallis , (Journal of the international AIDS Society, 2025-08)

Introduction: The ongoing rollout of oral tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has the potential to reduce HIV-1 incidence, but HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in individuals who acquire HIV-1 on PrEP could threaten ...
Forensic biobank; towards comprehensive forensic genetic frequency database for the Kenyan population

Eva K. Aluvaala Nambati, Edward Muge, Belinda Azzam, Diana Maritim, Ngure Kirosh, Luna Kamau, Solomon Mpoke, Winfrida Cheriro, Lewis Karani, Martin Sang, Abdiaziz Gosar, Olipher Makwaga, Lydia Eyase, Herzel Tiffany Wandera, Sharon Ariga, James Nyabera, Milka Mwangi, Francis Kimani, Wallace Bulimo (Forensic Science International : Synergy, 2025-12)

Forensic genetic frequency databases (FGFD) are used in estimating the probability of a DNA match in forensic investigations. They provide reference population data that can be used for statistical estimation for the rarity ...
Association Between Khat (Catha edulis) Chewing and Infection with Helicobacter pylori: A Case Control Study in Nairobi County

MOHAMED ABDI HASSAN; K Mohamed, N Zipporah, L Hudson (East African Medical Journal, 2015)

Background: Khat (Catha edulis) is a psycho-stimulant substance grown and widely chewed in East Africa. The use of Khat leads to a number of health complications however its adverse effects and prevalence are not well ...
The Influence of Household Socio-Economic Characteristics and Awareness on Aflatoxin Contamination of Maize in Makueni County, Kenya

JAMES MWASHEMBE MALUSHA (East African Medical Journal, 2015)

Background: Aflatoxicosis resulting from consumption of contaminated maize poses a significant public health problem in many countries including Kenya, and many people living in developing countries could be chronically ...
Predictors of maternal mortality among women of reproductive age seeking health care services at Kisii Level 5 Hospital

ALFRED A. OSORO; Z Ng’ang’a, M Mutugi, P Wanzala (Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Eastern and Central Africa, 2015)

Background: The safe motherhood initiative was launched in 1987 as a flagship to set a base to reduce maternal mortality. Despite efforts by government and international agencies, Kenya has continued to experience a rise ...

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