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KEMRI Institutional Repository: Recent submissions

  • Malaria, malnutrition, and birthweight: A meta-analysis using individual participant data. 
    Cates JE, Unger HW, Briand V, Fievet N, Valea I, Tinto H, D'Alessandro U, Landis SH, Adu-Afarwuah S, Dewey KG, Ter Kuile FO, Desai M, Dellicour S, Ouma P, Gutman J, Oneko M, Slutsker L, Terlouw DJ, Kariuki S, Ayisi J, Madanitsa M, Mwapasa V, Ashorn P, Maleta K, Mueller I, Stanisic D, Schmiegelow C, Lusingu JPA, van Eijk AM, Bauserman M, Adair L, Cole SR, Westreich D, Meshnick S, Rogerson S. (PLOS Med, 2017-08)
    Background: Four studies previously indicated that the effect of malaria infection during pregnancy on the risk of low birthweight (LBW; <2,500 g) may depend upon maternal nutritional status. We investigated this dependence ...
  • Diagnostic criteria for severe acute malnutrition among infants aged under 6 mo. 
    Mwangome M, Ngari M, Fegan G, Mturi N, Shebe M, Bauni E, Berkley JA. (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2017-06)
    Background: There is an increasing recognition of malnutrition among infants under 6 mo of age (U6M). Current diagnosis criteria use weight-for-length z scores (WLZs), but the 2006 WHO standards exclude infants shorter ...
  • The role of women's leadership and gender equity in leadership and health system strengthening. 
    Dhatt R, Theobald S, Buzuzi S, Ros B, Vong S, Muraya K, Molyneux S, Hawkins K, González-Beiras C, Ronsin K, Lichtenstein D, Wilkins K, Thompson K, Davis K, Jackson C. (Glob Health Epidemiol Genom., 2017-05)
    Gender equity is imperative to the attainment of healthy lives and wellbeing of all, and promoting gender equity in leadership in the health sector is an important part of this endeavour. This empirical research examines ...
  • Spatial accessibility to basic public health services in South Sudan. 
    Macharia PM, Ouma PO, Gogo EG, Snow RW, Noor AM. (Geospatial Health, 2017-05)
    At independence in 2011, South Sudan's health sector was almost non-existent. The first national health strategic plan aimed to achieve an integrated health facility network that would mean that 70% of the population ...
  • What influences feeding decisions for HIV-exposed infants in rural Kenya? 
    Nabwera HM, Jepkosgei J, Muraya KW, Hassan AS, Molyneux CS, Ali R, Prentice AM, Berkley JA, Mwangome MK (Int Breastfeed J., 2017-07)
    Background: Infant feeding in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses unique challenges to mothers and healthcare workers in balancing the perceived risks of HIV transmission and nutritional requirements. ...
  • Oxygen saturation ranges for healthy newborns within 24 hours at 1800 m 
    Morgan MC, Maina B, Waiyego M, Mutinda C, Aluvaala J, Maina M, English M. (Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed., 2017-05)
    There are minimal data to define normal oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels for infants within the first 24 hours of life and even fewer data generalisable to the 7% of the global population that resides at an altitude of ...
  • Loads of trematodes: discovering hidden diversity of paramphistomoids in Kenyan ruminants. 
    Laidemitt MR, Zawadzki ET, Brant SV, Mutuku MW, Mkoji GM, Loker ES. (parasitology, 2017-02)
    Paramphistomoids are ubiquitous and widespread digeneans that infect a diverse range of definitive hosts, being particularly speciose in ruminants. We collected adult worms from cattle, goats and sheep from slaughterhouses, ...
  • Public antibodies to malaria antigens generated by two LAIR1 insertion modalities. 
    Pieper K, Tan J, Piccoli L, Foglierini M, Barbieri S, Chen Y, Silacci-Fregni C, Wolf T, Jarrossay D, Anderle M, Abdi A, Ndungu FM, Doumbo OK, Traore B, Tran TM, Jongo S, Zenklusen I, Crompton PD, Daubenberger C, Bull PC, Sallusto F, Lanzavecchia A. (Nature, 2017-08)
    In two previously described donors, the extracellular domain of LAIR1, a collagenbinding inhibitory receptor encoded on chromosome 19 (ref. 1), was inserted between the V and DJ segments of an antibody. This insertion ...
  • Examining the human infectious reservoir for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in areas of differing transmission intensity. 
    Gonçalves BP, Kapulu MC, Sawa P, Guelbéogo WM, Tiono AB, Grignard L, Stone W, Hellewell J, Lanke K, Bastiaens GJH, Bradley J, Nébié I, Ngoi JM, Oriango R, Mkabili D, Nyaurah M, Midega J, Wirth DF, Marsh K, Churcher TS, Bejon P, Sirima SB, Drakeley C, Bousema T. (Nature Communications, 2017-10)
    A detailed understanding of the human infectious reservoir is essential for improving malaria transmission-reducing interventions. Here we report a multi-regional assessment of population-wide malaria transmission potential ...
  • Current status of insecticide resistance among malaria vectors in Kenya. 
    Ondeto BM, Nyundo C, Kamau L, Muriu SM, Mwangangi JM, Njagi K, Mathenge EM, Ochanda H, Mbogo CM. (Parasit Vectors, 2017-09)
    Background: Insecticide resistance has emerged as one of the major challenges facing National Malaria Control Programmes in Africa. A well-coordinated national database on insecticide resistance (IRBase) can facilitate ...
  • Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Kenyan Adolescents With α<sup>+</sup>Thalassemia. 
    Etyang AO, Khayeka-Wandabwa C, Kapesa S, Muthumbi E, Odipo E, Wamukoya M, Ngomi N, Haregu T, Kyobutungi C, Tendwa M, Makale J, Macharia A, Cruickshank JK, Smeeth L, Scott JA, Williams TN. (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017-04)
    Background: Recent studies have discovered that α-globin is expressed in blood vessel walls where it plays a role in regulating vascular tone. We tested the hypothesis that blood pressure (BP) might differ between normal ...
  • Blood Transfusion Delay and Outcome in County Hospitals in Kenya. 
    Thomas J, Ayieko P, Ogero M, Gachau S, Makone B, Nyachiro W, Mbevi G, Chepkirui M, Malla L, Oliwa J, Irimu G, English M. (The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2017-02)
    Severe anemia is a leading indication for blood transfusion and a major cause of hospital admission and mortality in African children. Failure to initiate blood transfusion rapidly enough contributes to anemia deaths in ...
  • Rotavirus immunization: Global coverage and local barriers for implementation. 
    Lo Vecchio A, Liguoro I, Dias JA, Berkley JA, Boey C, Cohen MB, Cruchet S, SalazarLindo E, Podder S, Sandhu B, Sherman PM, Shimizu T, Guarino A. (Vaccines, 2017-03)
    Background: Rotavirus (RV) is a major agent of gastroenteritis and an important cause of child death worldwide. Immunization (RVI) has been available since 2006, and the Federation of International Societies of ...
  • Bacteriological diagnosis of childhood TB: a prospective observational study. 
    Brent AJ, Mugo D, Musyimi R, Mutiso A, Morpeth SC, Levin M, Scott JAG. (Scientific Reports, 2018-05)
    Childhood TB diagnosis is challenging. Studies in adults suggest Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility (MODS) culture or the Xpert MTB/RIF assay might be used to expand bacteriological diagnosis. However data from ...
  • Comparative effectiveness of injectable penicillin versus a combination of penicillin and gentamicin in children with pneumonia characterised by indrawing in Kenya: protocol for an observational study. 
    Malla L, Perera-Salazar R, McFadden E, English M. (BMJ Open, 2017-09)
    Introduction: WHO treatment guidelines are widely recommended for guiding treatment for millions of children with pneumonia every year across multiple lowincome and middle-income countries. Guidelines are based on synthesis ...
  • Malnutrition and cachexia among cancer outpatients in Nairobi, Kenya. 
    Kaduka LU, Bukania ZN, Opanga Y, Mutisya R, Korir A, Thuita V, Nyongesa C, Mwangi M, Mbakaya CFL, Muniu E. (Journal of nutritional science., 2017-12)
    Cancer is the third leading cause of death in Kenya. However, there is scarce information on the nutritional status of cancer patients to guide in decision making. The present study sought to assess the risk of malnutrition, ...
  • Building laboratory capacity to detect and characterize pathogens of public and global health security concern in Kenya 
    Hunsperger E, Juma B, Onyango C, Ochieng JB, Omballa V, Fields BS, Njenga MK, Mwangi J, Bigogo G, Omore R, Otieno N, Chaves SS, Munyua P, Njau DM, Verani J, Lowther S, Breiman RF, Montgomery JM, De Cock KM, Widdowson MA; CDC and KEMRI laboratory and Epidemiology Team (BMC, 2019-05)
    Since 1979, multiple CDC Kenya programs have supported the development of diagnostic expertise and laboratory capacity in Kenya. In 2004, CDC’s Global Disease Detection (GDD) program within the Division of Global Health ...
  • Variation in rotavirus vaccine coverage by sub-counties in Kenya. 
    Wandera EA, Mohammad S, Ouko JO, Yatitch J, Taniguchi K, Ichinose Y. (Tropical Med Health, 2017-04)
    Rotavirus gastroenteritis is an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Kenya. In July 2014, Kenya introduced the rotavirus vaccine into her national immunization program. Although immunization coverage is ...
  • Handling missing data in propensity score estimation in comparative effectiveness evaluations: a systematic review. 
    Malla L, Perera-Salazar R, McFadden E, Ogero M, Stepniewska K, English M. (Journal of comparative effectiveness research., 2018-03)
    Aim: Even though systematic reviews have examined how aspects of propensity score methods are used, none has reviewed how the challenge of missing data is addressed with these methods. This review therefore describes how ...
  • Estimating the need for inpatient neonatal services: an iterative approach employing evidence and expert consensus to guide local policy in Kenya. 
    Murphy GAV, Waters D, Ouma PO, Gathara D, Shepperd S, Snow RW, English M. (BMJ Global Health, 2017-11)
    Universal access to quality newborn health services will be essential to meeting specific Sustainable Development Goals to reduce neonatal and overall child mortality. Data for decision making are crucial for planning ...