Factors Related to Sepsis in Critical Care Setting in Rwanda Selected Referral Hospital

Abstract

BACKGROUND Sepsis is described as potentially fatal organ failure induced by an unbalanced host response to infection. Annual estimates put the number of sepsis cases at over 19 million. The number of sepsis-related deaths is estimated to reach 5 million, with the vast majority happening in LMICs. However, such information is required to increase awareness of sepsis's global impact, especially in developing countries like Rwanda. The study aimed to evaluate the factors related to sepsis in a critical care setting in Rwanda's selected referral hospital. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach was conducted and simple random sampling was used. Files of 191 study participants and a structured questionnaire were used in data collection, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression in SPSS version 21 was used in data analysis, and results were presented in tables. RESULTS The prevalence of sepsis was 40.3%. By plotting bivariate analysis the results showed that sepsis was significantly associated with the following variables; self-employed as an occupation with (OR=0.216, 95%CI:0.047-0.987) p 0.48 taking reference for unemployed; pneumonia with sepsis at (OR=1.993, 95%CI:0.657-6.043) p 0.023, systemic infection (OR=0.329, 95%CI:0.104-1.044) p 0.059; other procedure with(OR=4.735,95%CI:1.509-14.855); procedure timeframe not mentioned with (OR=0.123,95%CI:0.027-0.553) p 0.032; hospitalized 15 days and more with OR=6.697 (95%CI:0.809-59.863) and p 0.032. CONCLUSION The prevalence of sepsis was 40.3% and factors related to sepsis include; occupation, having pneumonia, systemic infection, timeframe for carrying out the procedure, and patient being hospitalized for 15 days and more.