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KEMRI Journals & Articles: Recent submissions

  • The development of an ivermectinbased attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) to target Anopheles arabiensis. 
    Tenywa FC, Kambagha A, Saddler A, Maia MF. (Malaria Journal, 2017-08)
    Background: An increasing number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa are moving towards malaria-elimination, mostly thanks to successful vector control campaigns. However, elimination has proven challenging, resulting in ...
  • Effect of transmission intensity on hotspots and micro-epidemiology of malaria in subSaharan Africa. 
    Mogeni P, Omedo I, Nyundo C, Kamau A, Noor A, Bejon P; Hotspot Group Authors. (BMC Med, 2017-06)
    Background: Malaria transmission intensity is heterogeneous, complicating the implementation of malaria control interventions. We provide a description of the spatial micro-epidemiology of symptomatic malaria and ...
  • Pastoral practices' for quality improvement in a Kenyan clinical network. 
    McGivern G, Nzinga J, English M. (Social Science & Medicine, 2017-12)
    We explain social and organisational processes influencing health professionals in a Kenyan clinical network to implement a form of quality improvement (QI) into clinical practice, using the concept of 'pastoral practices'. ...
  • Detecting Malaria Hotspots: A Comparison of Rapid Diagnostic Test, Microscopy, and Polymerase Chain Reaction. 
    Mogeni P, Williams TN, Omedo I, Kimani D, Ngoi JM, Mwacharo J, Morter R, Nyundo C, Wambua J, Nyangweso G, Kapulu M, Fegan G, Bejon P. (The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2017-11)
    Background: Malaria control strategies need to respond to geographical hotspots of transmission. Detection of hotspots depends on the sensitivity of the diagnostic tool used. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional surveys ...
  • Mortality after Inpatient Treatment for Severe Pneumonia in Children: a Cohort Study. 
    Ngari MM, Fegan G, Mwangome MK, Ngama MJ, Mturi N, Scott JAG, Bauni E, Nokes DJ, Berkley JA. (Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2017-05)
    Background: Although pneumonia is a leading cause of inpatient mortality, deaths may also occur after discharge from hospital. However, prior studies have been small, in selected groups or did not fully evaluate risk ...
  • Recentralization within decentralization: County hospital autonomy under devolution in Kenya. 
    Barasa EW, Manyara AM, Molyneux S, Tsofa B. (PLOS One, 2017-08)
    Background: In 2013, Kenya transitioned into a devolved system of government with a central government and 47 semi-autonomous county governments. In this paper, we report early experiences of devolution in the Kenyan ...
  • Antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae stool isolates circulating in Kenya. 
    Taitt CR, Leski TA, Erwin DP, Odundo EA, Kipkemoi NC, Ndonye JN, Kirera RK, Ombogo AN, Walson JL, Pavlinac PB, Hulseberg C, Vora GJ (PLOS One, 2017-06)
    We sought to determine the genetic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of commensal Klebsiella spp. circulating in Kenya by testing human stool isolates of 87 K. pneumoniae and three K. oxytoca collected ...
  • Malaria, malnutrition, and birthweight: A meta-analysis using individual participant data. 
    Cates JE, Unger HW, Briand V, Fievet N, Valea I, Tinto H, D'Alessandro U, Landis SH, Adu-Afarwuah S, Dewey KG, Ter Kuile FO, Desai M, Dellicour S, Ouma P, Gutman J, Oneko M, Slutsker L, Terlouw DJ, Kariuki S, Ayisi J, Madanitsa M, Mwapasa V, Ashorn P, Maleta K, Mueller I, Stanisic D, Schmiegelow C, Lusingu JPA, van Eijk AM, Bauserman M, Adair L, Cole SR, Westreich D, Meshnick S, Rogerson S. (PLOS Med, 2017-08)
    Background: Four studies previously indicated that the effect of malaria infection during pregnancy on the risk of low birthweight (LBW; <2,500 g) may depend upon maternal nutritional status. We investigated this dependence ...
  • Diagnostic criteria for severe acute malnutrition among infants aged under 6 mo. 
    Mwangome M, Ngari M, Fegan G, Mturi N, Shebe M, Bauni E, Berkley JA. (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2017-06)
    Background: There is an increasing recognition of malnutrition among infants under 6 mo of age (U6M). Current diagnosis criteria use weight-for-length z scores (WLZs), but the 2006 WHO standards exclude infants shorter ...
  • The role of women's leadership and gender equity in leadership and health system strengthening. 
    Dhatt R, Theobald S, Buzuzi S, Ros B, Vong S, Muraya K, Molyneux S, Hawkins K, González-Beiras C, Ronsin K, Lichtenstein D, Wilkins K, Thompson K, Davis K, Jackson C. (Glob Health Epidemiol Genom., 2017-05)
    Gender equity is imperative to the attainment of healthy lives and wellbeing of all, and promoting gender equity in leadership in the health sector is an important part of this endeavour. This empirical research examines ...
  • Spatial accessibility to basic public health services in South Sudan. 
    Macharia PM, Ouma PO, Gogo EG, Snow RW, Noor AM. (Geospatial Health, 2017-05)
    At independence in 2011, South Sudan's health sector was almost non-existent. The first national health strategic plan aimed to achieve an integrated health facility network that would mean that 70% of the population ...
  • What influences feeding decisions for HIV-exposed infants in rural Kenya? 
    Nabwera HM, Jepkosgei J, Muraya KW, Hassan AS, Molyneux CS, Ali R, Prentice AM, Berkley JA, Mwangome MK (Int Breastfeed J., 2017-07)
    Background: Infant feeding in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses unique challenges to mothers and healthcare workers in balancing the perceived risks of HIV transmission and nutritional requirements. ...
  • Oxygen saturation ranges for healthy newborns within 24 hours at 1800 m 
    Morgan MC, Maina B, Waiyego M, Mutinda C, Aluvaala J, Maina M, English M. (Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed., 2017-05)
    There are minimal data to define normal oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels for infants within the first 24 hours of life and even fewer data generalisable to the 7% of the global population that resides at an altitude of ...
  • Loads of trematodes: discovering hidden diversity of paramphistomoids in Kenyan ruminants. 
    Laidemitt MR, Zawadzki ET, Brant SV, Mutuku MW, Mkoji GM, Loker ES. (parasitology, 2017-02)
    Paramphistomoids are ubiquitous and widespread digeneans that infect a diverse range of definitive hosts, being particularly speciose in ruminants. We collected adult worms from cattle, goats and sheep from slaughterhouses, ...
  • Public antibodies to malaria antigens generated by two LAIR1 insertion modalities. 
    Pieper K, Tan J, Piccoli L, Foglierini M, Barbieri S, Chen Y, Silacci-Fregni C, Wolf T, Jarrossay D, Anderle M, Abdi A, Ndungu FM, Doumbo OK, Traore B, Tran TM, Jongo S, Zenklusen I, Crompton PD, Daubenberger C, Bull PC, Sallusto F, Lanzavecchia A. (Nature, 2017-08)
    In two previously described donors, the extracellular domain of LAIR1, a collagenbinding inhibitory receptor encoded on chromosome 19 (ref. 1), was inserted between the V and DJ segments of an antibody. This insertion ...
  • Examining the human infectious reservoir for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in areas of differing transmission intensity. 
    Gonçalves BP, Kapulu MC, Sawa P, Guelbéogo WM, Tiono AB, Grignard L, Stone W, Hellewell J, Lanke K, Bastiaens GJH, Bradley J, Nébié I, Ngoi JM, Oriango R, Mkabili D, Nyaurah M, Midega J, Wirth DF, Marsh K, Churcher TS, Bejon P, Sirima SB, Drakeley C, Bousema T. (Nature Communications, 2017-10)
    A detailed understanding of the human infectious reservoir is essential for improving malaria transmission-reducing interventions. Here we report a multi-regional assessment of population-wide malaria transmission potential ...
  • Current status of insecticide resistance among malaria vectors in Kenya. 
    Ondeto BM, Nyundo C, Kamau L, Muriu SM, Mwangangi JM, Njagi K, Mathenge EM, Ochanda H, Mbogo CM. (Parasit Vectors, 2017-09)
    Background: Insecticide resistance has emerged as one of the major challenges facing National Malaria Control Programmes in Africa. A well-coordinated national database on insecticide resistance (IRBase) can facilitate ...
  • Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Kenyan Adolescents With α<sup>+</sup>Thalassemia. 
    Etyang AO, Khayeka-Wandabwa C, Kapesa S, Muthumbi E, Odipo E, Wamukoya M, Ngomi N, Haregu T, Kyobutungi C, Tendwa M, Makale J, Macharia A, Cruickshank JK, Smeeth L, Scott JA, Williams TN. (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017-04)
    Background: Recent studies have discovered that α-globin is expressed in blood vessel walls where it plays a role in regulating vascular tone. We tested the hypothesis that blood pressure (BP) might differ between normal ...
  • Blood Transfusion Delay and Outcome in County Hospitals in Kenya. 
    Thomas J, Ayieko P, Ogero M, Gachau S, Makone B, Nyachiro W, Mbevi G, Chepkirui M, Malla L, Oliwa J, Irimu G, English M. (The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2017-02)
    Severe anemia is a leading indication for blood transfusion and a major cause of hospital admission and mortality in African children. Failure to initiate blood transfusion rapidly enough contributes to anemia deaths in ...
  • Rotavirus immunization: Global coverage and local barriers for implementation. 
    Lo Vecchio A, Liguoro I, Dias JA, Berkley JA, Boey C, Cohen MB, Cruchet S, SalazarLindo E, Podder S, Sandhu B, Sherman PM, Shimizu T, Guarino A. (Vaccines, 2017-03)
    Background: Rotavirus (RV) is a major agent of gastroenteritis and an important cause of child death worldwide. Immunization (RVI) has been available since 2006, and the Federation of International Societies of ...

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