KEMRI Journals & Articles: Recent submissions

Now showing items 41-60 of 661

Establishing the effect of COVID-19 lockdown policy on the utilization of facility-based delivery in Kenya: a multi-method study

Kuloba, M. N., Strupat, C., Aye, T. T., Wamalwa, P. N., Gichuki, J., Tsofa, B., De Allegri, M. (BMC Health Serv Res, 2025-08)

Background Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown policies emerged as pivotal policies to contain viral transmission. Questions arise about whether their implementation challenged access to care, particularly in regions ...
Epstein-Barr virus type 2 infection is associated with higher viral loads in pediatric tonsils from western Kenya

Emmily Koech, Sidney Ogolla, Asito S. Amolo, Kevin Waomba, Ian Onditi, Katherine R. Sabourin , Bonface Ariera, Stellah Chumbe, Shannon C. Kenney, Rosemary Rochford, Gabriela Samayoa-Reyes (Microbiology Spectrum, 2025-07)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an etiologic agent of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (BL), a prevalent pediatric cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. There are two known types of EBV, EBV Type-1 (EBV-1) and EBV Type-2 (EBV-2), both found ...
Epidemiology of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli among children under five years in Kenya's urban informal settlement.

Amos Njuguna , John M. Maingi , Cecilia Mbae , Phelgona Otieno , Kelvin Kering , Winfred Mbithi , Christine Kioko , Rahma Osman , Evans Kibet and Samuel Kariuki Samuel Kariuki (Front Microbiol., 2025-08)

Introduction: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a significant cause of diarrheal morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine ...
Epidemiological dynamics of influenza B virus across multiple seasons in Kenya and Uganda inferred from sequence data, 2010-2021

Brenda K Nyarango , D Collins Owuor , Everlyne Isoe , Martin Mutunga , Robinson Cheruiyot , Esther N Katama , Timothy Makori , Arnold Lambisia , Joyce Nyiro , George Githinji , Sarah Kiguli, Peter Olupot-Olupot , Kathryn Maitland , Charles N Agot (BMC Infectious Diseases, 2025-08)

Background: Influenza B virus (IBV) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality during Influenza seasons annually. However, IBV genomic surveillance occurs unevenly across the globe, particularly within the African ...
Effectiveness and experiences with differentiated service delivery of HIV care in Kisumu County, Kenya: A mixed methods study, 2014–2021

Francesca Odhiambo , Raphael Onyango Mando , Jayne Lewis-Kulzer , A Rain Mocello , Maurice Aluda , Edwin Mulwa , Appolonia Aoko, Paul Musingila , Elizabeth Bukusi , Craig R Cohen (PLOS Global Public Health, 2025-08)

The adoption of the test and treat policy by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 led to an unprecedented increase in the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) enrolling into HIV treatment, thereby increasing the ...
Effect of maternal infection on stillbirths and early neonatal deaths: nested case-control studies in pregnancy cohorts in East Africa.

Anna C Seale, Meron Kebede, Rosanna Glazik, Mussie Brhane, Mulu Berihun, Zelalem Teklemariam, Dadi Marami, Joseph Oundo, Tadesse Gure, Tseyon Tesfaye, Ann Karanu, Gumbi Wilson, Christina W Obiero, Dianna M Blau, Helen Barsosio, Angela Koech, Samir Saha, Joy E. Lawn, Robert F Breiman, Claire Gordon, Stefanie Wittmann, Lola Madrid, Abraham Aseffa, Yadeta Dessie, James A Berkley, Nega Assefa, J Anthony G Scott (2025-09)

Background Reducing perinatal deaths is a priority, but data on maternal infectious causes are sparse in low- and middle-income countries where the burden is highest. We aimed to describe maternal infections at delivery ...
Editorial: The scourge of zoonotic and veterinary important tapeworms

Ohiolei JA, Mulinge E. (Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2025-08)
Early weaning from oxygen therapy in African children with severe pneumonia

Kathryn Maitland , Elisa Giallongo , Mainga Hamaluba , Florence Alaroker , Robert O Opoka , Abner Tagoola , Damalie Nalwanga , Eva Nabawanuka , William Okiror , Margaret Nakuya, Denis Aromut , Thomas N Williams , Karen Thomas , David A Harrison, Paul Mouncey , Andrew Bush , J F Fraser Kathy Rowan, Peter Olupot-Olupot , Sarah Kiguli ; COAST trial group (BMC Med, 2025-07)

Background: In Africa, severe pneumonia remains the major cause of paediatric hospitalisation, resulting in high requirements for oxygen therapy. Adequate supplies of oxygen are key challenges for many low-resource hospitals. ...
Early pandemic associations of latitude, sunshine duration, and vitamin D status with COVID-19 incidence and fatalities: A global analysis of 187 Countries

Reagan M Mogire (PLOS Global Public Health, 2025-07)

In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the interplay between environmental factors and virus spread is crucial for global preparedness strategies. This study explores how geographic latitude, sunshine duration, ...
Draft genome sequences of Corynebacterium hindlerae isolated from ticks collected in Isiolo and Kilifi, Kenya

Bryson Brian Kimemia, Lillian Musila,Solomon Langat, Erick Odoyo, Stephanie Cinkovich, Samoel Khamadi, Jaree Johnson, Timothy Egbo, Elly Ojwang, Eric Garges, Fredrick Eyase (Microbiol Resour Announc, 2025-08)

We report the sequencing of two Corynebacterium hindlerae genomes from ticks collected from cattle in Isiolo and Kilifi Counties, Kenya. These ticks belong to the species Hyalomma truncatum and Amblyomma lepidum. Phylogenetic ...
Distribution of nontuberculous Mycobacteria among presumptive drug resistance tuberculosis patients from a ministry of health drug resistance surveillance program, in western Kenya

Okumu Albert , Odeny Lazarus , Ochieng John Benjamin , Odhiambo Ben , Sitati Ruth , Tonui Joan , Ogoro Jeremiah , Wandiga Steve , Collins Ouma (J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis, 2025-08)

Introduction: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) species are emerging pathogens causing Pulmonary diseases with no definitive treatment. Molecular techniques enable characterization and drug resistance profiling, this study ...
Diagnostic Performance of Unattended Automated Office Blood Pressure Measurement for Hypertension Screening Among People With and Without HIV

Ruth K Lucinde , Megan Willkens , Benson Issarow , Salama Fadhil , Cody Cichowitz , Philip Ayieko , Godfrey Kisigo , Sara Venkatraman, Heiner Grosskurth , Ana C Krieger , Richard B Devereux , Myung Hee Lee , Saidi Kapiga , Robert N Peck , Anthony O Etyang (J Am Heart Assoc, 2025-09)

Background: The diagnostic performance of automated office blood pressure (AOBP) in screening for hypertension in people with HIV (PWH) is not known. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data ...
Development and validation of a questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice of snake envenomation among health care providers (KAPSE-HCPQ) in sub-Saharan African countries

Sarah Hamed N. Taha, Fatma Badr El Dine, Suzan Abdel-Rahman, Assem Gebreal, Kengo Nathan Ezie, Ukamaka Okafor, Gori Gaitano, Aschalew Benti, Moram Mahmoud, Sandra Konadu Bonnah, Saaid Jama, Alhaji Turay, Okot Michael, Abdul Mohsin Mohammad, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy (Tropical Medicine and international health, 2025-07)

Background A tropical disease that is often overlooked yet poses a significant risk to public health is envenomation caused by snakebite. This study aimed to develop a validated questionnaire to evaluate healthcare ...
Detection and genomic characterization of Ndumu virus in Coastal Kenya from Culex and Mansonia africana mosquitoes

Tabitha Wanjiru, W Wallace Bulimo , Solomon Langat , J Johnson Kinyua , S Santos Yalwala , Gladys Kerich , J Janet Ambale , E Eric Garges , R Robert Haynes , G Gerald Kellar , J John Eads , F Fredrick Eyase (Frontiers in virology, 2025-07)

Introduction: Alphaviruses, members of the family Togaviridae, are globally distributed arthropod-borne viruses, including several medically significant pathogens such as Chikungunya virus and Sindbis virus. These viruses ...
Delivery of care in high mortality hospital settings: a direct observational study examining 1848 h of neonatal nursing in Kenya

Abdulazeez Imam , Michuki Maina , Jalemba Aluvaala , Vincent Kagonya , Onesmus Onyango , Fredrick Were, Sebastian Fuller , Kenneth Karumba ; HIGH-Q Author Group; Mike English , David Gathara (EClinicalMedi cine, 2025-09)

Background: In resource-constrained countries, deploying better technologies is expected to improve neonatal care but little attention has been paid to the critical role of nurse staffing. We investigate nursing workloads ...
Defining severe shigellosis in the Enterics for Global Health study: A comparison of leading diarrhea severity definitions among children with Shigella diarrhea.

Olivia Lang Schultes, Aneeta Hotwani , Patricia B Pavlinac , M Jahangir Hossain , Dilruba Nasrin , Richard Omore , Farhana Khanam , Flywell Kawonga , Paul F Garcia Bardales , Hannah E Atlas , Alex O Awuor , Henry Badji , Bakary Conteh , Jennifer Cornick , Erika Feutz , Sean R Galagan , Ensa Gitteh , Eric R Houpt , Junaid Iqbal , Sadia Islam , Furqan Kabir , Adama Mamby Keita , Jie Liu , Donnie Mategula , Chimwemwe Mhango , Md Parvej Mosharraf , Billy Ogwel , Caleb Okonji , Uduma Uma Onwuchekwa , Tackeshy Pinedo Vasquez , S M Azadul Alam Raz , Lucero Romaina-Cachique , Francesca Schiaffino , Milagritos D Tapia , Sharon M Tennant , Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai , Khuzwayo C Jere , Margaret N Kosek , Samba O Sow , James A Platts-Mills , Farah Naz Qamar , Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade , Karen L Kotloff , John Benjamin Ochieng , Firdausi Qadri , EFGH Consortium (medRxiv,, 2025-08)

Background Shigella vaccine development is a critical priority due to high burden and long-term outcomes among children. Choosing a clinical efficacy endpoint for Shigella vaccine trials requires comparing existing diarrhea ...
Deciphering the anti-prostate potentials of n hexane fraction of berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal through in silico and in vitro evaluation.

Gift Crucifix Pender, Bernard Guyah, Peter Githaiga Mwitari, Mercy Jepkorir, Inyanyi John L. Lagu, James Ombaka. (Pharmacologi cal Research - Natural products, 2025-09)

The study investigated antiprostatic effects of n-hexane fraction of S. aculeastrum Dunal berries (HFSADB) against benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PC). Using Swiss ADME and pKCSM tools, drug candidates ...
Cultural and behavioral drivers of zoonotic disease transmission and persistence among diverse pastoralist communities in East Africa

Dismas Co Oketch , Ruth Njoroge , Tonny O Ngage, Asha Abdikadir Omar , Abdulai Magarre , Raphael Pasha , John Gachohi , Samuel Waiguru Muriuki 1, Samoel Ashimosi Khamadi , Ali Duba Boru 5, Boku Bodha , Lydia Kilowua , Nazaria Wanja Nyaga , Humphrey Kariuki Njaanake , Eunice Kamaara, Walter Jaoko , M Kariuki Njenga , Eric Osoro , Dalmas Omia (One health outlook, 2025-07)

Background: Zoonotic diseases such as brucellosis, Rift Valley fever, anthrax, rabies and bovine tuberculosis are highly prevalent among pastoralist communities in low-and middle-income countries. Methods: This study ...
Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1 genome sequences from pediatric diarrhea cases in coastal Kenya

Agoti, C. N., Njeru, R., Mwanga, M., Mutunga, M., Shah, S. P., Chu, T. Y., Nokes, D. J., Cotten, M., Phan, M. V. T. (Microbiol Resour Announc, 2025-09)

We report nine nearly complete Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1 genome sequences (both segments) recovered from stool samples of pediatric diarrhea patients admitted to Kilifi County Hospital, coastal Kenya. This will be an ...
Critically ill patients are not just luggage: The experiences of health workers on the transportation of critically ill patients in hospitals in Tanzania

Maiba, J., Mkumbo, E., Khalid, K., Willows, T. M., Onyango, O., Schell, C. O., McKnight, J., Oliwa, J., Baker, T. (J Health Serv Res Policy, 2025-09)

BackgroundCritical illness is a life-threatening condition impacting millions of patients globally each year. Critically ill patients often need to be transported within the hospital during their care and the safety and ...

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