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KEMRI Research Papers: Recent submissions

  • Newcastle disease vaccine adoption by smallholder households in Tanzania: Identifying determinants and barriers. 
    Campbell ZA, Marsh TL, Mpolya EA, Thumbi SM, Palmer GH. (PLOS One, 2018-10)
    Background: Food security is critical to achieving sustainable growth, poverty reduction, and political and economic stability. Livestock have the potential to improve the food security of smallholder households in ...
  • Tenofovir and tenofovir- diphosphate concentrations during pregnancy among HIV-uninfected women using oral preexposure prophylaxis. 
    Pyra M, Anderson PL, Hendrix CW, Heffron R, Mugwanya K, Haberer JE, Thomas KK, Celum C, Donnell D, Marzinke MA, Bukusi EA, Mugo NR, Asiimwe S, Katabira E, Baeten JM (AIDS, 2018-08)
    Objectives: Pregnancy is a time of increased HIV acquisition risk and pregnancy reduces concentrations of antiretrovirals used for treatment. We assessed whether pregnancy lowers concentrations of tenofovir (TFV) and ...
  • Molecular characterization of Echinococcus species in dogs from four regions of Kenya. 
    Mulinge E, Magambo J, Odongo D, Njenga S, Zeyhle E, Mbae C, Kagendo D, Addy F, Ebi D, Wassermann M, Kern P, Romig T. (Veterinary Parasitology, 2018-05)
    Cystic echinococcosis is endemic both in livestock and humans in many parts of Kenya. However, very little data exists on Echinococcus infections in dogs, and therefore their role in maintaining the transmission cycles ...
  • Kenya National Hospital Insurance Fund Reforms: Implications and Lessons for Universal Health Coverage. 
    Barasa E, Rogo K, Mwaura N, Chuma J. (Taylor & Francis, 2018-04)
    This article identifies and describes the reforms undertaken by the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) and examines their implications for Kenya's quest to achieve universal health coverage (UHC). We undertook a ...
  • Intersectionality and global health leadership: parity is not enough 
    Zeinali Z, Muraya K, Govender V, Molyneux S, Morgan R (BMC, 2019-04)
    There has been a welcome emphasis on gender issues in global health in recent years in the discourse around human resources for health. Although it is estimated that up to 75% of health workers are female (World Health ...
  • Scalable Workflows and Reproducible Data Analysis for Genomics 
    Strozzi F, Janssen R, Wurmus R, Crusoe MR, Githinji G, Di Tommaso P, Belhachemi D, Möller S, Smant G, de Ligt J, Prins P (Springer Link, 2019-07)
    Biological, clinical, and pharmacological research now often involves analyses of genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, and interactomes, within and between individuals and across species. Due to large volumes, the analysis ...
  • IgM in human immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria 
    Boyle MJ, Chan JA, Handayuni I, Reiling L, Feng G, Hilton A, Kurtovic L, Oyong D, Piera KA, Barber BE, William T, Eisen DP, Minigo G, Langer C, Drew DR, de Labastida Rivera F, Amante FH, Williams TN, Kinyanjui S, Marsh K, Doolan DL, Engwerda C, Fowkes FJI, Grigg MJ, Mueller I, McCarthy JS, Anstey NM, Beeson JG (Science Advances, 2019-09)
    Most studies on human immunity to malaria have focused on the roles of immunoglobulin G (IgG), whereas the roles of IgM remain undefined. Analyzing multiple human cohorts to assess the dynamics of malaria-specific IgM ...
  • Human and entomologic investigations of chikungunya outbreak in Mandera, Northeastern Kenya, 2016. 
    Konongoi SL, Nyunja A, Ofula V, Owaka S, Koka H, Koskei E, Eyase F, Langat D, Mancuso J, Lutomiah J, Sang R. (PLOS One, 2018-10)
    Chikungunya is a reemerging vector borne pathogen associated with severe morbidity in affected populations. Lamu, along the Kenyan coast was affected by a major chikungunya outbreak in 2004. Twelve years later, we report ...
  • Ethically providing Routine HIV testing services to bereaved populations 
    Burmen B, Mogunde JO, Kwaro DP (Sage Journals, 2019-02)
    Background:: The delivery of public health policies may be in conflict with individualism. Objectives:: To propose measures to ethically provide routine HIV testing services to persons visiting a funeral home. Research ...
  • An Empiric Risk Score to Guide PrEP Targeting Among MSM in Coastal Kenya. 
    Wahome E, Thiong'o AN, Mwashigadi G, Chirro O, Mohamed K, Gichuru E, Mwambi J, Price MA, Graham SM, Sanders EJ. (AIDS and Behavior, 2018-07)
    Men who have sex with men (MSM), who have heterogeneous HIV-acquisition risks are not specifically targeted in Kenyan pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) guidelines. We used data from an open cohort, which followed 753 ...
  • Disability-Adjusted Life-Years Due to Stroke in Kenya 
    Kaduka L, Muniu E, Mbui J, Oduor Owuor C, Gakunga R, Kwasa J, Wabwire S, Okerosi N, Korir A, Remick SC (Karger, 2019-04)
    Background: There is little information on stroke morbidity in Kenya to inform health care planning. The disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) are a time-based measure of health status that incorporates both disability ...
  • Leishmaniasis recidivans by Leishmania tropica in Central Rift Valley Region in Kenya. 
    Gitari JW, Nzou SM, Wamunyokoli F, Kinyeru E, Fujii Y, Kaneko S, Mwau M. (International journal of infectious diseases, 2018-09)
    Objectives: This study sought to determine the endemic Leishmania species, the clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Central Rift Valley in Kenya and to give an account on unresponsiveness to treatment ...
  • Serological Profiling for Malaria Surveillance Using a Standard ELISA Protocol 
    Murungi LM, Kimathi RK, Tuju J, Kamuyu G, Osier FHA (Springer Link, 2019-07)
    The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a reliable and relatively low-cost method for measuring soluble ligands such as antibodies and proteins in biological samples. For analysis of specific antibodies in serum, ...
  • Variability in distribution and use of tuberculosis diagnostic tests in Kenya: a cross-sectional survey. 
    Oliwa JN, Maina J, Ayieko P, Gathara D, Kathure IA, Masini E, Van't Hoog AH, van Hensbroek MB, English M. (BMC Infectious Diseases, 2018-07)
    Background: Globally, 40% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, 65% paediatric cases and 75% multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases are missed due to underreporting and/or under diagnosis. A recent Kenyan TB prevalence survey ...
  • Antimalarials: Review of Plasmepsins as Drug Targets and HIV Protease Inhibitors Interactions 
    Miller Iii WA, Teye J, Achieng AO, Mogire RM, Akala H, Ong'echa JM, Rathi B, Durvasula R, Kempaiah P, Kwofie SK (Bentham Science, 2019)
    Malaria is a major global health concern with the majority of cases reported in regions of South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific, the Americas, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization (WHO) ...
  • When Diabetes Confronts HIV: Biological Sub-citizenship at a Public Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. 
    Bosire E, Mendenhall E, Omondi GB, Ndetei D. (Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 2018-12)
    This article investigates how international donor policies cultivate a form of biological sub-citizenship for those with diabetes in Kenya. We interviewed 100 patients at a public hospital clinic in Nairobi, half with a ...
  • Understanding P. falciparum Asymptomatic Infections: A Proposition for a Transcriptomic Approach 
    Kimenyi KM, Wamae K, Ochola-Oyier LI (Frontiers, 2019-10)
    Malaria is still a significant public health burden in the tropics. Infection with malaria causing parasites results in a wide range of clinical disease presentations, from severe to uncomplicated or mild, and in the poorly ...
  • High-density lipoprotein suppresses tumor necrosis factor alpha production by mycobacteria-infected human macrophages. 
    Inoue M, Niki M, Ozeki Y, Nagi S, Chadeka EA, Yamaguchi T, Osada-Oka M, Ono K, Oda T, Mwende F, Kaneko Y, Matsumoto M, Kaneko S, Ichinose Y, Njenga SM, Hamano S, Matsumoto S. (Scientific Reports, 2018-04)
    Immune responses to parasitic pathogens are affected by the host physiological condition. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are transporters of lipids between the liver and peripheral ...
  • Evaluating healthcare priority setting at the meso level: A thematic review of empirical literature. 
    Waithaka D, Tsofa B, Barasa E. (Wellcome Open Research, 2018-01)
    Background: Decentralization of health systems has made sub-national/regional healthcare systems the backbone of healthcare delivery. These regions are tasked with the difficult responsibility of determining healthcare ...
  • Mosquito microevolution drives Plasmodium falciparum dynamics 
    Gildenhard M, Rono EK, Diarra A, Boissière A, Bascunan P, Carrillo- Bustamante P, Camara D, Krüger H, Mariko M, Mariko R, Mireji P, Nsango SE, Pompon J, Reis Y, Rono MK, Seda PB, Thailayil J, Traorè A, Yapto CV, Awono- Ambene P, Dabiré RK, Diabaté A, Masiga D, Catteruccia F, Morlais I, Diallo M,Sangare D, Levashina EA (Nature, 2019-06)
    Malaria, a major cause of child mortality in Africa, is engendered by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted by anopheline mosquitoes. Fitness of Plasmodium parasites is closely linked to the ecology and evolution of ...

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