KEMRI Research Papers: Recent submissions

Now showing items 121-140 of 421

Impact of a Rapid Results Initiative Approach on Improving Male Partner Involvement in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in Western Kenya.

Akama E, Mburu M, Mutegi E, Nyanaro G, Otieno JP, Ndolo S, Ochanda B,Ojwang' L, Lewis-Kulzer J, Abuogi L, Oyaro P, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA, Onono M. (AIDS and Behavior, 2018-09)

A rapid results initiative (RRI) aimed at increasing male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and service uptake among pregnant women at 116 antenatal clinics in Western Kenya was compared ...
Clinical Information Network author group. An observational study of monitoring of vital signs in children admitted to Kenyan hospitals: an insight into the quality of nursing care?

Ogero M, Ayieko P, Makone B, Julius T, Malla L, Oliwa J, Irimu G, English M (Journal of Global Health, 2018-06)

Background: Measurement and correct interpretation of vital signs is part of routine clinical care. Repeated measurement enhances early recognition of deterioration, may help prevent morbidity and mortality and is a ...
Using a common data platform to facilitate audit and feedback on the quality of hospital care provided to sick newborns in Kenya.

Maina M, Aluvaala J, Mwaniki P, Tosas-Auguet O, Mutinda C, Maina B, Schultsz C, English M. (BMJ Global Health, 2018-09)

Essential interventions to reduce neonatal deaths that can be effectively delivered in hospitals have been identified. Improving information systems may support routine monitoring of the delivery of these interventions ...
Men's hopes, fears and challenges in engagement in perinatal health and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in rural Kenya.

Musoke P, Hatcher A, Rogers AJ, Achiro L, Bukusi E, Darbes L, Kwena Z, Oyaro P, Weke E, Turan JM. (Culture, health & sexuality, 2018-11)

Male involvement in antenatal care has been shown to improve health outcomes for women and infants. However, little is known about how best to encourage male partners to support essential perinatal health activities. We ...
Neurocognitive and mental health outcomes and association with quality of life among adults living with HIV: a cross-sectional focus on a low-literacy population from coastal Kenya.

Nyongesa MK, Mwangala PN, Mwangi P, Kombe M, Newton CRJC, Abubakar AA. (BMJ Open, 2018-09)

Objectives: Our aim was to compare the neurocognitive performance and mental health outcome of adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy with that of community controls, all of low literacy. Furthermore, we also ...
Reliability and validity of the World Health Organization reading standards for paediatric chest radiographs used in the field in an impact study of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Kilifi, Kenya.

Ominde M, Sande J, Ooko M, Bottomley C, Benamore R, Park K, Ignas J, Maitland K, Bwanaali T, Gleeson F, Scott A. (PLOS One, 2018-07)

Background: Radiologically-confirmed pneumonia (RCP) is a specific end-point used in trials of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) to estimate vaccine efficacy. However, chest radiograph (CXR) interpretation varies ...
Effect of Maternally Derived Anti- protein and Anticapsular IgG Antibodies on the Rate of Acquisition of Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Pneumococcus in Newborns.

Ojal J, Goldblatt D, Tigoi C, Scott JAG. (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2018-01)

Background: In developing countries, introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has not eliminated circulation of vaccine serotypes. Vaccinating pregnant mothers to increase antibody concentrations in their newborn ...
A Combined Syndromic Approach to Examine Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Agents among Febrile Patients: A Pilot Study in Kilombero, Tanzania.

Hercik C, Cosmas L, Mogeni OD, Wamola N, Kohi W, Houpt E, Liu J, Ochieng C, Onyango C, Fields B, Mfinanga S, Montgomery JM. (American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2018-02)

The use of fever syndromic surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa is an effective approach to determine the prevalence of both malarial and nonmalarial infectious agents. We collected both blood and naso/oro-pharyngeal (NP/OP) ...
Untargeted analysis of the airway proteomes of children with respiratory infections using mass spectrometry based proteomics.

Sande CJ, Mutunga M, Muteti J, Berkley JA, Nokes DJ, Njunge J. (Scientific Reports, 2018-09)

The upper airway - which consists mainly of the naso- and oro-pharynx - is the first point of contact between the respiratory system and microbial organisms that are ubiquitous in the environment. It has evolved highly ...
Spatiotemporal analysis of Plasmodium falciparum prevalence to understand the past and chart the future of malaria control in Kenya.

Macharia PM, Giorgi E, Noor AM, Waqo E, Kiptui R, Okiro EA, Snow RW. (Malaria Journal, 2018-09)

Background: Spatial and temporal malaria risk maps are essential tools to monitor the impact of control, evaluate priority areas to reorient intervention approaches and investments in malaria endemic countries. Here, the ...
Implementing an Open Source Electronic Health Record System in Kenyan Health Care Facilities: Case Study.

Muinga N, Magare S, Monda J, Kamau O, Houston S, Fraser H, Powell J, English M, Paton C. (JMIR medical informatics, 2018-04)

Background: The Kenyan government, working with international partners and local organizations, has developed an eHealth strategy, specified standards, and guidelines for electronic health record adoption in public ...
Complete mitochondrial and rDNA complex sequences of important vector species of Biomphalaria, obligatory hosts of the human-infecting blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni.

Zhang SM, Bu L, Laidemitt MR, Lu L, Mutuku MW, Mkoji GM, Loker ES. (Scientific Reports, 2018-05)

Using high throughput Illumina sequencing technology, we determined complete sequences for the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) complex for three African freshwater snail taxa within the ...
Leadership experiences and practices of South African health managers: what is the influence of gender? -a qualitative, exploratory study.

Shung-King M, Gilson L, Mbachu C, Molyneux S, Muraya KW, Uguru N, Govender V. (International journal of Equity Health, 2018-09)

Background: The importance of strong and transformative leadership is recognised as essential to the building of resilient and responsive health systems. In this regard, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 5 prioritises ...
Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Diagnosis of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Infection in Faecal Samples.

Mwangi IN, Agola EL, Mugambi RM, Shiraho EA, Mkoji GM. (Journal of parasitology research, 2018-06)

Human intestinal schistosomiasis is caused by the blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni. With intensified efforts to control schistosomiasis by mass drug administration using praziquantel (PZQ), there is an urgent need to ...
Accountability mechanisms and the value of relationships: experiences of front- line managers at subnational level in Kenya and South Africa.

Nxumalo N, Gilson L, Goudge J, Tsofa B, Cleary S, Barasa E, Molyneux S. (BMJ Global Health, 2018-07)

Resource constraints, value for money debates and concerns about provider behaviour have placed accountability 'front and centre stage' in health system improvement initiatives and policy prescriptions. There are a myriad ...
Single low-dose primaquine for blocking transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria - a proposed model-derived age- based regimen for sub-Saharan Africa.

Taylor WR, Naw HK, Maitland K, Williams TN, Kapulu M, D'Alessandro U, Berkley JA, Bejon P, Okebe J, Achan J, Amambua AN, Affara M, Nwakanma D, van Geertruyden JP, Mavoko M, Lutumba P, Matangila J, Brasseur P, Piola P,Randremanana R, Lasry E, Fanello C, Onyamboko M, Schramm B, Yah Z, Jones J, Fairhurst RM, Diakite M, Malenga G, Molyneux M, Rwagacondo C, Obonyo C, Gadisa E, Aseffa A, Loolpapit M, Henry MC, Dorsey G, John C, Sirima SB, Barnes KI, Kremsner P, Day NP, White NJ, Mukaka M. (BMC Med, 2018-01)

Background: In 2012, the World Health Organization recommended blocking the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum with single low-dose primaquine (SLDPQ, target dose 0.25 mg base/kg body weight), without testing for ...
Sickle Cell and α+- Thalassemia Traits Influence the Association between Ferritin and Hepcidin in Rural Kenyan Children Aged 14-26 Months.

Byrd KA, Williams TN, Lin A, Pickering AJ, Arnold BF, Arnold CD, Kiprotich M, Dentz HN, Njenga SM, Rao G, Colford JM Jr, Null C, Stewart CP. (Journal of Nutrition, 2018-12)

Background: The relation between subclinical hemoglobinopathies and concentrations of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin is not well characterized. Objective: We investigated the relation of hepcidin concentration ...
Perceptions of Acute Malnutrition and Its Management in Infants Under 6 Months of Age: A Qualitative Study in Rural Bangladesh.

Arafat Y, Islam MM, Connell N, Mothabbir G, McGrath M, Berkley JA, Ahmed T, Kerac M. (Clinical Medicine Insights Pediatrics, 2018-05)

Background: World Health Organization guidelines advise community-based care (CBC) for "uncomplicated" severe acute malnutrition (SAM) infants <6 months old (u6m), whereas current national protocols refer to inpatient ...
Assessment of Myocardial Function and Injury by Echocardiography and Cardiac Biomarkers in African Children With Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria.

Kotlyar S, Olupot-Olupot P, Nteziyaremye J, Akech SO, Uyoga S, Muhindo R, Moore CL, Maitland K. (Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 2018-03)

Objectives: Perturbed hemodynamic function complicates severe malaria. The Fluid Expansion as Supportive Therapy trial demonstrated that fluid resuscitation, involving children with severe malaria, was associated with ...
An adapted instrument to assess informed consent comprehension among youth and parents in rural western Kenya: a validation study

Afolabi MO, Rennie S, Hallfors DD, Kline T, Zeitz S, Odongo FS, Amek NO, Luseno WK. (BMJ Open, 2018-07)

Objective: To adapt and validate a questionnaire originally developed in a research setting for assessment of comprehension of consent information in a different cultural and linguistic research setting. Design: The ...

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