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Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin secretion, insulin action, or both and accounts for over 95% cases globally. Uncontrolled diabetes may result to complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy leading to amputations, stroke, heart attack and sexual dysfunction), glycated hemoglobin below 7.0% is recommended for good prognosis.The study determined factors associated with glycemic control, among T2DM patient attending Mathari National and Referral Hospital Nairobi, Kenya. Method: A descriptive cross sectional study design was used systematic random sampling technique to select 149 study subjects T2DM patients. Quantitative data was collected using a structured questionnaire for socioeconomic and patients practice. Key informants interviews and Focus group discussions collected qualitative data. Blood samples were drawn for Hba1c, lipid profiles, blood sugar and urine for microalbumin Creatinine Ratio analysis. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists version 20(SPSS). Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the data. Associations between variables were tested using Chi Square statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically after translation and transcription. Difference between parameter estimates were deemed statistically significant at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of study participants was 54 years and a total of 122(81.6%) out of 149 participants had poor glycemic control with a mean HBA1C of 9.1, 90.6% having elevated FBS, 37.6% with elevated T-Chol and 60.4% having high LDL levels. Twenty four percent had moderately increased UACR while 11.4% had severely increased UACR. Gender (OR3.029, 95%CI: 1.287-7.129, p=0.010), FBS (OR=8.14, 95%CI; 2.541-26.0810, p=0.001) and using drugs for other co-morbidities OR=2.519, 95%CI; 1.009-6.288, p=0.035) were associated with glycemic control. Conclusion: There is a high burden of poor glycemic control among T2DM patients in Mathari National Teaching and Referral Hospital especially women. With the burden of diabetes increasing, emphasis on diabetes awareness and education to fill in the practice gap in glycemic control. Managing FBS and detecting other co-morbidities like, hypertension, kidney problems and dyslipidemia to be done routinely to prevent development of complications |
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