Factors Associated with HIV Self-Testing among Long-Distance Truck Drivers Along Uganda Road in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

Abstract

INTRODUCTION HIV self-testing was introduced to increase the number of HIV testing rates among hard-to-reach populations such as long-distance truck drivers. However, little is known about its uptake in Kenya, where it has been available since 2017, or the factors influencing its utilisation. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the uptake and establish the sociodemographic and behavioural factors associated with HIV self-testing among truck drivers along Uganda Road in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study recruited 287 participants using proportionate stratified and simple random sampling. Data were collected through a pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire uploaded to KoboToolbox. Necessary research licences and permits were obtained. Data were analysed using SPSS version 28 for descriptive statistics including means, frequencies, and percentages. Bivariate analysis was used to determine associations between variables, while multivariate logistic regression using a generalised linear model identified true predictors of HIV self-testing at a 95% confidence interval (CI) at p < 0.05. RESULTS The majority (98.6%) of the 287 participants were male averaging 38.66 years and HIV self-testing uptake was 35.5%. Factors associated with HIV self-testing included the duration of driving specifically 6-10 years (Odds Ratio(OR)=3.0, 95% CI =1.3-6.9, p=0.008); moderate and high perceived risk of HIV infection (OR=4.1, 95% CI=1.9-9.1, p=<0.001 and OR=3.7, 95% CI=1.3-10.8, p=0.012); average and excellent HIV knowledge (OR=11.7, 95% CI =2.2-217.4, p=0.021 and OR=28.3, 95% CI =5.1-536, p=0.002). CONCLUSION HIV self-testing uptake remains low, highlighting the need for targeted educational campaigns. Peer-led programs and workplace sensitisation can help reinforce HIV risk perception and knowledge, while interventions should be tailored to meet the needs of drivers of varying degrees of experience.