Human Herpes Virus Type 8 among Female-Sex Workers (A Review)

Abstract

The prevalence of Human Herpes Virus type 8 (HHV-8) varies from one region to another and by populations. The modes of transmission and risk factors associated with HHV-8 among heterosexual adults are still not clear. HHV-8 has been associated with high risk sexual behavior. Female-sex workers (FSWs) are a high-risk group and therefore more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) compared to women in the general population. This review aimed at determining the global distribution of HHV-8 among FSWs and its associated risk factors. The secondary aim was to determine transmission and HHV-8 co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) among FSWs. We systematically searched literature in PubMed and Google Scholar. Twenty six studies among FSWs and women engaging in high risk sexual behavior from Africa, Europe, North and South America, Asia and the Mediterranean regions from 1996- 2014 were reviewed. Results were presented in proportions. HHV-8 distribution among FSWs followed patterns of HHV-8 distribution in the general population in the world, that is, high among African and Mediterranean FSWs compared to other regions. The main risk factor associated with HHV-8 was African race. Sexual behavior associated with HHV-8 varied from one study to another. In conclusion, FSWs may not play a vital role in the transmission of HHV-8.